Pheochromocytoma: The Ten-Percent Tumor
Pheochromocytomas are often referred to as the "ten percent tumor" because they do many things about ten percent of the time. The following is a fairly exhaustive list of these characteristics:
10 percent of all Pheochromocytomas are:
- Malignant (90% are benign)
- Bilateral (found in both adrenal glands: 90% are arise in just one of the two adrenal glands)
- Extra-Adrenal (found within nervous tissue outside of the adrenal glands ... see below)
- In Children (90% are in adults)
- Familial (10% will have a family member with the same type of tumor)
- Recur (10% or slightly less, will come back 5 to 10 years later)
- Associated with MEN syndromes (patients with rare syndromes of endocrine tumors.)
- Present with a stroke (10% of these tumors are found after the patient has a stroke)
Here's a look at the extra-adrenal sites of pheochromocytomas:
- Within the sympathetic nerve chain along the spinal cord (orange spots)
- Overlying the distal aorta (the main artery from the heart) (green spots)
- Within the ureter (collecting system from the kidney (yellow spot)
- Within the urinary bladder (blue spot)
- Remember, 90% are in the adrenal glands (red spots on the kidneys)
